Modern chatbots are typically online and use generative artificial intelligence systems that are capable of maintaining a conversation with a user in natural language and simulating the way a human would behave as a conversational partner.

Chatbots gained widespread attention in the early 2020s due to the popularity of OpenAI's ChatGPT,5 followed by alternatives such as Microsoft's Copilot and Google's Gemini and now China’s DeepSeek

Modern chatbots like ChatGPT are often based on large language models called generative pre-trained transformers (GPT). They are based on a deep learning architecture called the transformer, which contains artificial neural networks. They learn how to generate text by being trained on a large text corpus,

Despite criticism of its accuracy and tendency to "hallucinate”, ChatGPT has gained attention for its detailed responses and historical knowledge.

ChatBots undeniably work and have successfully passed the Turing test.

Improvements in transformer-based deep neural networks, particularly large language models (LLMs), enabled an AI boom of generative AI systems in the 2020s. These include chatbots such as ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, and LLaMA; text-to-image artificial intelligence image generation systems such as Stable Diffusion, Midjourney, and DALL-E; and text-to-video AI generators such as Sora. Companies such as OpenAI, Anthropic, Microsoft, Google, and Baidu as well as numerous smaller firms have developed generative AI models.

Generative AI has uses across a wide range of industries, including software development, healthcare, finance, entertainment, customer service, sales and marketing, art, writing, fashion, and product design.

In addition to natural language text, large language models can be trained on programming language text, allowing them to generate source code for new computer programs.

Some industry leaders have said that software engineering will be completely revolutionized in the next 5 years

Generative AI trained on annotated video can generate temporally-coherent, detailed and photorealistic video clips. Examples include Sora by OpenAI, Runway, and Make-A-Video by Meta Platforms.

In artificial intelligence, an intelligent agent is an entity that perceives its environment, takes actions autonomously to achieve goals, and may improve its performance through machine learning or by acquiring knowledge.

Although technological progress has been accelerating in most areas, it has been limited by the basic intelligence of the human brain, which has not, according to Paul R. Ehrlich, changed significantly for millennia. However, with the increasing power of computers and other technologies, it might eventually be possible to build a machine that is significantly more intelligent than humans.

If a superhuman intelligence were to be invented—either through the amplification of human intelligence or through artificial intelligence—it would, in theory, vastly improve over human problem-solving and inventive skills.

Some scholars have characterized recent technological developments in the LLM field as innovations in computer interfacing.

Science and the market will always present new tools and platforms for artists and designers

Some governments and institutions have proclaimed ai as the key to a positive future

humans are likely to interface with computers, or upload their minds to computers, in a way that enables substantial intelligence amplification.

This is a thread for news and developments as young people everywhere should seek to leverage technological for educational and personal development. It is clear that we stand at a pivotal moment. Some policy leaders have characterized ai as the key to a bright future. By enhancing productivity and problem-solving capacities, AI is positioned as a universal tool for addressing global challenges.

Thread is WIP: Updates coming soon and regularly. Welcome to 2025, these are exciting times

A brain–computer interface (BCI), sometimes called a brain–machine interface (BMI), is a direct communication link between the brain's electrical activity and an external device, most commonly a computer or robotic limb.

a brain-computer interface raises the possibility of erasing the distinction between brain and machine.

In the future, BCIs might be vital to augment and accelerate human intelligence and human capability.

imagine a BCI equipped with the latest LLM models, what would the implication be for human intelligence, human education, and human society?

the chatgpt moment

ChatGPT is a generative artificial intelligence chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in 2022. It is currently based on the GPT-4o large language model (LLM). ChatGPT can generate human-like conversational responses and enables users to refine and steer a conversation towards a desired length, format, style, level of detail, and language. It is credited with accelerating the AI boom, which has led to ongoing rapid investment in and public attention to the field of artificial intelligence.

By January 2023, ChatGPT had become what was then the fastest-growing consumer software application in history, gaining over 100 million users in two months.

As of July 2024, ChatGPT's website is among the 10 most-visited websites globally

“A major challenge in advancing BCI technology is achieving mutual learning between the brain and the machine,” Xu said.

The researchers discovered that changes in brain signals were not just random fluctuations caused by emotions or fatigue. Instead, these variations were influenced by how the brain interacts with a BCI.

Using this insight, they developed a dual-loop framework using a memristor chip—an energy-efficient hardware component that mimics neural networks—to create a more natural interaction between brain and machine.

The system consists of two key loops: a machine learning loop that continuously updates the decoder to adapt to the brain’s signal variations and a brain learning loop that helps the user refine control through real-time feedback.

This technological leap also allows users to perform more complex tasks. Traditional BCIs typically offer two degrees of freedom, such as moving a drone up and down or left and right. However, the new system enables four degrees of freedom, adding forward-backward motion and rotation—all controlled solely by brain signals.

“Compared to traditional digital BCIs, our dual-loop system increased efficiency by over 100 times while reducing energy consumption by 1,000 times,” Xu said.

Since the 1970s, BCIs have allowed users to control machines with their thoughts by translating brain signals into commands. Initial research focused on helping people with disabilities, but today’s applications include gaming, hands-free drone control, and other interactive technologies.

interestingengineering.com/science/worlds-first-2-way-bci-china

“Our work is the first to introduce the concept of brain-computer co-evolution and successfully demonstrate its feasibility, marking an initial step towards mutual adaptation between biological and machine intelligence,” said Xu Minpeng, a co-author of the study from Tianjin University.